Mycobacterial Interactions with Host Cells

Our laboratory studies the complex interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and the human host to identify new strategies for TB prevention and treatment. We investigate bacterial survival mechanisms, immune cell reprogramming—including macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and stromal cells—and TB/HIV-1 co-infection, using advanced imaging and multi-omics approaches to guide the development of host-directed therapies, vaccines, and antimicrobial strategies.

We study host-pathogen interactions in tuberculosis, with a special interest in deciphering immunity to TB and the links between M. tuberculosis evolution, physiology and virulence.

Our laboratory is dedicated to understanding the complex interplay between Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and its human host, with the goal of developing new therapies and improving disease outcomes. We investigate how Mtb survives and thrives within macrophages and lung granulomas, uncovering the mechanisms that support its persistence under stress. Our research has revealed that toxin-antitoxin systems, metal efflux pumps, and nutrient acquisition pathways, including sulfate and cysteine metabolism, play critical roles in bacterial survival, redox balance, and virulence, representing promising therapeutic targets.

In parallel, we study how Mtb manipulates host immunity, shaping macrophage metabolism, dendritic cell function, and T cell responses to favor persistence. Our work has identified key pathways and compounds, such as the dendritic cell immunoreceptor (DCIR) and polysialic acid, that regulate inflammation and monocyte trafficking, while, stromal cells, innate lymphoid cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell diversity contribute to protective immunity.

Our investigations extend to TB and HIV-1 co-infection, revealing how Mtb promotes HIV-1 replication and dissemination through reprogrammed macrophages, highlighting potential interventions for co-infected patients.

Our laboratory combines advanced imaging, omics technologies, and collaborative expertise to study these processes at the cellular and organ level, aiming to translate our discoveries into host-directed therapies, improved vaccines, and antimicrobial strategies. By integrating insights into mycobacterial physiology and host immunity, our team seeks to illuminate TB biology and accelerate the development of innovative interventions to control this devastating disease.

Our research group brings together a vibrant and diverse community of scientists, including PhD students, postdoctoral fellows, early-career and senior researchers, as well as collaborators from France and around the world. We are committed to fostering an open, inclusive, and supportive environment that values diversity of backgrounds, perspectives, disciplines, and career paths.

Our fellows go on to thrive in leading laboratories and institutions, in both the public and private sectors, in France and internationally,  reflecting the rigor of our training, the strength of our mentorship, and the breadth of opportunities we cultivate for their careers.

Together, we advance fundamental knowledge while training the next generation of scientists to tackle TB through multidisciplinary, collaborative, and globally engaged approaches.

Team members

Research Scientists

Pierre Dupuy (CNRS)
Claude Gutierrez (University)
Denis Hudrisier (University)
Fabien Letisse (University)
Geanncarlo Lugo (CNRS)
Olivier Neyrolles (CNRS)
Yannick Poquet (University)
Yoann Rombouts (CNRS)
Philippe Vogeleer (University)

Research Engineer

Annie Behar
Florence Levillain (CNRS)

Postdoctoral Fellows

Elizabeth Bautista
Saurabh Chugh
Tejan Lodhiya

PhD Students

Louis Benastre
Maxime Caouaille
Clara Deyts
Maxime Kaiser
Maxime Pingret
Stella Rousset

Research Projects

Co-PIs | Pierre DUPUY, Claude GUTIERREZ, Fabien LETISSE, Yannick POQUET, Philippe VOGELEER
Co-PIs | Denis HUDRISIER, Geanncarlo LUGO, Yoann ROMBOUTS

Selected Publications

Dupuy et al. (2026) Membrane-associated effluxosomes coordinate multi-metal resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The EMBO Journal

Le Mouëllic et al. (2025) Inorganic sulfate is critical for Mycobacterium tuberculosis lung tissue colonization and redox balance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA

Boudehen*, Faucher* et al. (2022) Mycobacterial resistance to zinc poisoning requires assembly of P-ATPase-containing membrane metal efflux platformsNature Communications

Corral et al. (2022) ILC precursors differentiate into metabolically distinct ILC1-like cells during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Cell Reports

Souriant et al. (2019) Tuberculosis exacerbates HIV-1 infection through IL-10/STAT3-dependent tunneling nanotube formation in macrophages. Cell Reports

Freire*, Gutierrez* et al. (2019) An NAD+ phosphorylase toxin triggers Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell death. Molecular Cell

Confocal microscopy imaging of functional membrane micro domains (blue) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis © Y.-M. Boudehen